Low Histamine Diet
A low histamine diet is a dietary approach designed to reduce the intake of foods that are high in histamine or trigger the release of histamine in the body. Histamine is a naturally occurring compound involved in several bodily functions, including immune responses, digestion, and the regulation of blood pressure.
However, for individuals with histamine intolerance (also called histaminosis), consuming foods that are high in histamine or that cause histamine release can lead to symptoms like headaches, skin rashes, digestive issues, and other allergic-like reactions.
Key Aspects of a Low Histamine Diet
Histamine in Foods
Histamine is found in varying levels in different foods. Foods that are aged, fermented, or processed tend to have higher levels of histamine.
High-histamine foods include:
Aged cheeses (e.g., cheddar, gouda, parmesan)
Processed meats (e.g., salami, pepperoni, bacon)
Alcoholic beverages, especially wine, beer, and champagne
Fermented foods (e.g., sauerkraut, kimchi, soy sauce, miso)
Vinegar and foods containing vinegar (e.g., pickles, mustard)
Canned or smoked fish (e.g., tuna, sardines, anchovies)
Certain vegetables like eggplant, spinach, tomatoes, and avocado
Low Histamine Diet Foods
The goal of a low histamine diet is to eat foods that are naturally low in histamine or that don’t promote the release of histamine in the body. These include:
Fresh meat (not processed or aged)
Fresh fish (not canned or smoked)
Most fruits (except for bananas, strawberries, and citrus fruits)
Gluten-free grains (e.g., rice, quinoa, oats)
Dairy alternatives (e.g., almond milk, rice milk)
Certain vegetables (e.g., zucchini, carrots, lettuce, cucumber)
Eggs (if tolerated)
Fresh herbs like basil, cilantro, and thyme
Healthy fats (e.g., olive oil, coconut oil)
Histamine-Reducing Foods
Some foods can help reduce histamine levels or improve the body’s ability to break down histamine. These include:
Vitamin C-rich foods (e.g., bell peppers, broccoli, strawberries)
Quercetin-rich foods (e.g., apples, onions, broccoli)
Foods high in antioxidants (e.g., berries, leafy greens)
Symptoms of Histamine Intolerance
For people with histamine intolerance, consuming high-histamine foods can cause a variety of symptoms that are similar to allergic reactions, including:
Headaches or migraines
Flushing or redness of the skin
Hives or rashes
Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Fatigue or dizziness
Runny or stuffy nose
Itchy or watery eyes
Asthma-like symptoms or wheezing
Managing Histamine Intolerance
While a low histamine diet can help manage symptoms, it is often necessary to work with a healthcare professional to identify triggers and ensure that nutritional needs are being met. Some people may also benefit from taking diamine oxidase (DAO) supplements, which help break down histamine in the body.
Since the diet can be restrictive, it’s important to include a variety of nutrient-dense foods to avoid deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals. Consulting a nutritionist or doctor is recommended to ensure that you’re following a balanced, safe approach to managing histamine intolerance.